Read the following article and compare the definitions of TAKS from
Nunan, Richards and Rogers, Murphy, Willis, Long, Skehan, Ellis, Breen and
which methodology was applied by the author of this study.
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Long 1985
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What people do in everyday life at
work, at play, and in between?
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Breen 1987
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A range of work plans for exercises
and activities in language instructions
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Littlejohn 1998
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Any proposal within the materials for
actions undertaken by the learners to bring up the foreign language learning.
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Skehan 1996
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Meaning, task completion, the
real-world and outcome are focused.
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Willis 1996
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A classroom undertaking for a
communicative purpose to achieve un outcome.
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Ellis 2003
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A work plan that requires learners to
process languages pragmatically to achieve un outcome
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Nunan 2005
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A piece of classroom work to convey
meaning rather than to manipulate form.
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All of
the author show that a task is an activity to be developed by people in
everyday life. On the other hand when talking about the task in a classroom we
cannot forget that it is also an activity and as all the activities it should
reach a goal and have an outcome which is the fruit or the richest part of a
task well-done and directed.
2. How this study could be applied to your Project?
The way we can apply this research article is talking into account that
a task is not a mechanism to keep the students occupied, but a way to take our
students to walk into a new path of acquiring knowledge and in the English
learning/ teaching process, task is one of the bases to know until what term
our students are able to produce in a second language (in this case, English).
Bearing in mind the example proposed by the researcher, we are going to
develop a reading task where the students are going to read a short tale.
Pre-reading: the students will be exposed to the title of the reading
and they will be asked to talk about their inferences of it.
While reading: the students will read the first two paragraphs, then the
teacher will make some questions about them, and their inferences about them.
Post reading: the students will talk about the whole tale and will
debate about the moral of it.
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